|
After discarding socialist economic policies in the mid-1990s, Madagascar has followed a World Bank- and IMF-led policy of privatization and liberalization. This strategy placed the country on a slow and steady growth path from an extremely low level. Agriculture, including fishing and forestry, is a mainstay of the economy, accounting for more than one-fourth of GDP and employing 80% of the population. Exports of apparel have boomed in recent years primarily due to duty-free access to the US. However, Madagascar's failure to comply with the requirements of the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) led to the termination of the country's duty-free access in January 2010. Deforestation and erosion, aggravated by the use of firewood as the primary source of fuel, are serious concerns. Former President RAVALOMANANA worked aggressively to revive the economy following the 2002 political crisis, which triggered a 12% drop in GDP that year. The current political crisis which began in early 2009 has dealt additional blows to the economy. Tourism dropped more than 50% in 2009, compared with the previous year.
|
|
|
$20.15 billion (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 123
$20.35 billion (2008 est.)
$19.02 billion (2007 est.)
note:
data are in 2009 US dollars
|
|
|
$8.551 billion (2009 est.)
|
|
|
-1% (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 127
7% (2008 est.)
6.2% (2007 est.)
|
|
|
$1,000 (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 213
$1,000 (2008 est.)
$1,000 (2007 est.)
note:
data are in 2009 US dollars
|
|
|
agriculture: 26.4%
industry:
16.6%
services:
57% (2009 est.)
|
|
|
9.504 million (2007)
country comparison to the world: 51
|
|
|
50% (2004 est.)
|
|
|
lowest 10%: 2.6%
highest 10%:
41.5% (2005)
|
|
|
47.5 (2001)
country comparison to the world: 32
38.1 (1999)
|
|
|
40.9% of GDP (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 5
|
|
|
revenues: $1.051 billion
expenditures:
$1.568 billion (2009 est.)
|
|
|
9% (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 188
9.2% (2008 est.)
|
|
|
NA%
|
|
|
45% (31 December 2008)
country comparison to the world: 3
45% (31 December 2007)
|
|
|
$1.216 billion (31 December 2008)
country comparison to the world: 108
$1.161 billion (31 December 2007)
|
|
|
$667.2 million (31 December 2008)
country comparison to the world: 131
$577.4 million (31 December 2007)
|
|
|
$820.3 million (31 December 2008)
country comparison to the world: 117
$767.5 million (31 December 2007)
|
|
|
$NA
|
|
|
coffee, vanilla, sugarcane, cloves, cocoa, rice, cassava (tapioca), beans, bananas, peanuts; livestock products
|
|
|
meat processing, seafood, soap, breweries, tanneries, sugar, textiles, glassware, cement, automobile assembly plant, paper, petroleum, tourism
|
|
|
-2% (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 88
|
|
|
1.045 billion kWh (2007 est.)
country comparison to the world: 145
|
|
|
971.4 million kWh (2007 est.)
country comparison to the world: 146
|
|
|
0 kWh (2008 est.)
|
|
|
0 kWh (2008 est.)
|
|
|
0 bbl/day (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 167
|
|
|
21,000 bbl/day (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 125
|
|
|
365 bbl/day (2007 est.)
country comparison to the world: 128
|
|
|
16,940 bbl/day (2007 est.)
country comparison to the world: 119
|
|
|
0 bbl (1 January 2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 141
|
|
|
0 cu m (2008 est.)
country comparison to the world: 150
|
|
|
0 cu m (2008 est.)
country comparison to the world: 143
|
|
|
0 cu m (2008 est.)
country comparison to the world: 158
|
|
|
0 cu m (2008 est.)
country comparison to the world: 100
|
|
|
0 cu m (1 January 2006 est.)
country comparison to the world: 162
|
|
|
-$748 million (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 123
-$1.051 billion (2008 est.)
|
|
|
$1.045 billion (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 149
$1.255 billion (2008 est.)
|
|
|
coffee, vanilla, shellfish, sugar, cotton cloth, chromite, petroleum products
|
|
|
France 28.9%, US 20.49%, Germany 5.89%, China 4.36% (2009)
|
|
|
$1.819 billion (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 154
$2.531 billion (2008 est.)
|
|
|
capital goods, petroleum, consumer goods, food
|
|
|
China 12.99%, Thailand 11.93%, Bahrain 7.1%, France 6.89%, US 4.13% (2009)
|
|
|
$1.136 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 126
$982.3 million (31 December 2008 est.)
|
|
|
$2.054 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 133
$2.023 billion (31 December 2008 est.)
|
|
|
$NA
|
|
|
$NA
|
|
|
Malagasy ariary (MGA) per US dollar - 1,966.97 (2009), 1,654.78 (2008), 1,880 (2007), 2,161.4 (2006), 2,003 (2005)
|
|
|